Alfred Milner, 1st Viscount Milner (1854-1925), British statesman, born in Giessen, Hesse (now in Germany), and educated at the universities of London and Oxford. A former journalist with the Pall Mall Gazette, Milner was undersecretary for finance in Egypt from 1889 to 1892; in the latter year he published England in Egypt, an argument for British involvement in that country.
In 1897 he was appointed high commissioner for British South Africa, in which post his outstanding achievement was to negotiate the peace ending the Boer War. He returned to Great Britain in 1905 and retired from politics.
In 1915 he became a member of the war cabinet, without portfolio, and he later served as an emissary to Russia (1917) and secretary of war (1918). Between 1919 and 1921 he was the colonial secretary. His recommendations that Egypt be given limited self-government were adopted in 1922.
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